Halogen free flame retardant adhesive resin coated composite

ABSTRACT

Fire resistant adhesive resins that include a halogen-free and bromine-free flame retardant ingredient and conductive foils coated with the halogen-free fire resistant adhesive resin coated compositions of this invention as well as printed circuit boards manufactured using the adhesive resin coated conductive foils.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

[0001] (1) Field of the Invention

[0002] This invention concerns fire resistant adhesive resins that include a halogen-free and bromine-free flame retardant ingredient. This invention also includes conductive foils coated with the halogen-free fire resistant adhesive resin coated compositions of this invention as well as printed circuit boards manufactured using the adhesive resin coated conductive foils.

[0003] (2) Description of the Art

[0004] Prepregs, resin coated conductive foils, reinforced cores, and other substrates used in the manufacture of circuit boards typically include a resin component. Many of the resin ingredients are flammable. Therefore, flame-retardant ingredients are added to resins prior to use in order to produce flame retardant circuit board substrates and laminates. Commonly used flame retardant components are those that include a halogen such as bromine.

[0005] The use of halogen containing flame-retardant compounds in circuit board substrate resin formulations may create problems with disposal of used circuit board components. There is some concern that halogens such as bromine compound can leach from circuit board components following disposal in landfills. Therefore, there is a need for adhesive resin formulations that include a halogen free flame-retardant. In addition to being halogen free, there is a need for retardant fire resistant halogen-free adhesive resin compositions that produce circuit board substrate materials with high Tg's, low Dk's and low moisture absorption properties.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

[0006] It is an object of this invention to provide a resin composition that includes a halogen free flame retardant composition. The composition is specifically formulated to chemically interact with surrounding thermoset resin matrix components to hasten curing kinetic (peak exotherm temperature) while preserving most of the system latency and to react with the resin ingredients to become an integral part of the cured resin backbone matrix. This feature of the compositions of the present invention enhances the 1-step or 2-step manufacturing process described below and helps to minimize resin movement though faster C-staging and increased production rates.

[0007] It is another object of this invention to provide a conductive metal foil that is coated with a resin composition that includes a halogen free flame retardant composition wherein the resin coated conductive foil has good peel strengths.

[0008] It is still another object of this invention to provide resin coated conductive metal foils that are useful in the manufacture of circuit boards and other electronic laminates.

[0009] In one embodiment, this invention is a flame-retardant adhesive resin composition comprising at least one resin, and at least one halogen-free flame retardant composition wherein the resin composition includes essentially no halogen containing flame-retardant compositions.

[0010] In another embodiment, this invention is a flame-retardant adhesive resin composition wherein the halogen-free flame retardant ingredient is melamine cyanurate.

[0011] In still another embodiment, this invention is a flame-retardant adhesive resin composition wherein the halogen-free flame retardant ingredient is aluminum trihydrate.

[0012] In yet another embodiment, this invention is a conductive metal foil having a first surface and a second surface wherein the first surface includes a flame-retardant resin layer comprising at least one resin, and at least one halogen-free flame retardant composition wherein the resin composition includes essentially no halogen containing flame-retardant compositions.

DESCRIPTION OF THE FIGURES

[0013]FIG. 1 is a plot comparing the peel strengths of copper foils coated with bromine containing resins with copper foils coated with resin including at least one halogen-free flame retardant as described in Table 3 of Example 2.

DESCRIPTION OF THE CURRENT EMBODIMENT

[0014] The present invention relates to adhesive resin compositions that include at lest one halogen-free flame retardant ingredient. The present invention also includes prepregs, resin coated conductive foils, cores, and other electronic substrates and laminates that are useful in the manufacture of printed circuit boards that are manufactured from adhesive resin compositions of this invention.

[0015] The term “resin” as it is used herein has two meanings. First the term “resin” refers to discrete polymerizable compounds such as epoxy compounds, urethane compounds, and so forth. The term “resin” also refers to a mixture of ingredients including specific resin compounds that is used preferably as a conductive foil “adhesive”.

[0016] Resins that are useful in the adhesive resin compositions of this invention may be any resin(s) that are useful in the manufacture of adhesive resin coated metal foils. Preferably, the resins are organic resin that have molecular weight greater that about 4500. The adhesive resin composition may include a combination of two or more resin compounds having the same or differing molecular weights and degrees of functionality. Two or more resins, having the same or different functionality and molecular weights can be advantageously combined in a formulation that results in a cured resin having a high Tg, and low Dk.

[0017] The resins used in the adhesive resin compositions of this invention will preferably be heat activated and the adhesive resin compositions will preferably have a viscosity range from about 900 to 2000 centipoise and preferably from about 1200 to about 1700 centipoise. The viscosity can be modified by altering the solids content or the resin ingredients used in the adhesive resin composition.

[0018] Examples of useful resins include bistriazine resins, phenoxy resins, bis-phenol epoxy resins, phenolic novolac resins, epoxidised phenolic novolac resins, urethane resins, polyvinyl acetate resins, and any other resins that alone or in combination are within the knowledge of one of ordinary skill in the art as useful in adhesive resin compositions. Further examples of useful resin and resin ingredients are disclosed in U.S. Pat. Nos. 5,674,611, 5,629,098, and 5,874,009, the specifications of each of which are incorporated herein by reference.

[0019] An important ingredient of the adhesive resin compositions of this invention is a halogen-free flame retardant ingredient. The halogen-free flame retardant component may be any halogen-free composition that reduces the flammability of the resin compositions of this invention. Examples of useful halogen-free fire retardant compositions include melamine cyanurate, melamine cyanurate encapsulated red phosphorous, phosphoric acid, 1,3-phenylenetetraphenyl ester, Di-polyoxyethylene, hydroxymethylphosphonate, aluminum trihydrate and mixtures thereof. One preferred halogen-free flame retardant is melamine cyanurate. Another preferred halogen-free flame retardant is aluminum trihydrate.

[0020] The particle size of the melamine cyanurate should range from about 1 to about 20 microns. However, a melamine cyanurate particle size less than about 12 microns is preferred. Keeping, the melamine cyanurate particle size less than 4 microns minimizes surface defects and resin wet-out problems.

[0021] When the flame retardant chosen is aluminum trihydrate, then the average (mean) particle size of aluminum trihydrate will range from about 0.1 to about 20 microns with an average particle size range of from about 1 to about 10 microns, being preferred. More preferably the aluminum trihydrate will have an average particle size of about 1.5 to about 2.0 microns with an average particle size of about 1.8 microns being most preferred. A particularly useful aluminum trihydrate composition has the following formula Al₂O₃×nH₂O where n ranges between about 2.4 to about 3, more preferably between about 2.6 to 2.9 and most preferably about 2.7.

[0022] Generally, the resin compositions of this invention will include from about 10 to 40 wt % of a halogen-free flame retardant composition and from about 70 to 90 wt % of one or more resin compounds. More preferably, the adhesive resin compositions of this invention will include from about 10 to about 35 wt % of one or more halogen-free flame retardant compounds. When the flame retardant composition is melamine cyanurate, then it is preferred that the resin will include from about 12 to about 17 wt % melamine cyanurate with the remainder being one or more resin compounds. When the flame retardant composition is aluminum trihydrate, then it is preferred that the resin composition will include from 20 to 30 and most preferably from 23 to 28 wt % aluminum trihydrate with the remainder of one or more resin compound and additives.

[0023] The mechanical and electrical properties of the resin compositions of this invention upon cure can be controlled somewhat by choice of the molecular weight of ingredients used in the adhesive resin composition of this invention. When phenoxy resin is used, the molecular weight should range from about 8000 to about 60,000 and preferably could be about 20,000.

[0024] The adhesive resin-compositions of this invention may include other ingredients and additives known to those of ordinary skill in the art to be useful in adhesive resin compositions.

[0025] The adhesive resin compositions of this invention are particularly useful in preparing resin coated conductive foils, cores, and other substrates and laminates used in the manufacture of printed circuit boards. Most preferably, the adhesive resin composition of this invention are used in the manufacture resin coated conductive foils and, in particular, resin coated copper foils. Resin coated copper foils are manufactured by applying a layer of resin of this invention to one surface of a two surface conductive foil. Preferably, the thickness of resin applied to the foil surface produces a cured resin thickness of about 20 to about 100 microns. More preferably, the resin is applied in a layer having a cured thickness of about 30 to about 80 microns and most preferably from about 20 to about 50 microns. After coating with adhesive resin, the resin coated copper is then partially cured or b-staged. In an optional step, a second layer of resin may be applied to the surface of the b-staged resin layer. If a second layer of resin is applied, then the second layer of resin is b-staged during which time the first layer typically becomes essentially fully cured. The final product is an adhesive resin coated conductive coated metal foil that is useful in standard printed circuit board manufacturing techniques.

EXAMPLE 1

[0026] Two resin compositions, the first including a bromine-containing fire retardant Composition I (Table I) and two including a halogen free fire-retardant Composition II (Table II) and III (Table III) were prepared according to the recipes set forth in the Tables below. TABLE 1 INGREDIENT 1000 PART DESIGNATION INGREDIENT NAME FORMULA WT % BT2110 Bistriazine Resin (Mitsubishi) 390.60 39.06 Quatrex Brominated Flame Retardant 153.07 15.31 PKHS-40 Phenoxy resin (40% solids— 229.76 22.98 M.W. @ 20,000)—Used as a flexibilizer/resin EPON 1031A70 Bis-Phenol-A epoxy resin  19.13  1.91 EPN Epoxidized phenolic novolac 134.19 13.42 1138MAK80 resin DER 732 Epoxy resin  38.25  3.83 PKHP-200 Solid phenoxy resin (M.W.  30.63  3.06 @ 20,000) BYK-341 Silicon based surfactant  2.91  0.29 (optional) L122 (optional) fatty acid surfactant  1.46  0.15

[0027] TABLE 2 INGREDIENT 1000 PART Wt % NET DESIGNATION INGREDIENT NAME FORMULA WEIGHT BT2110 Bistriazine Resin 390.60 39.1 (Mitsubishi) PKHS-40 Phenoxy resin 224.12 22.4 (40% solids—M.W. @ 20,000)—Used as a flexibilizer/resin EPON 1031A70 Bis-Phenol-A epoxy 19.13 1.9 resin EPN 1138MAK80 Epoxidized phenolic 134.19 13.4 novolac resin DER 732 Epoxy resin 38.25 3.8 Melamine cyanurate Halogen-free flame 153.07 15.3 retardant PKHP-200 Solid phenoxy resin 30.63 3.1 (M.W. @ 20,000) Z-6040 Silane Surfactant 10 1.0 TOTALS 999.99 100.00

[0028] TABLE 3 Ingredient Designation Ingredient Name Parts % Solids BT 2110 Bistriazine resin 84.70 27.59 Epikote 1031 Epoxy resin 3.41 1.85 Epikote 1001 Epoxy resin 22.50 12.22 MEK Methyl ethyl ketone 25.91 0.00 Vorlöser V 3335 85 wt % solution of 33.00 15.20 Epoxidized phenolic novolac in MEK Martinal TS-601 Aluminum trihydrate 45.50 24.70 PKHS 40 Phenoxy resin 78.90 17.13 BYK-341 Silicon based 0.55 0.30 surfactant Z-6040 Silane Surfactant 1.86 1.01 Total 296.33 100.00

EXAMPLE 2

[0029] The peel strengths of copper foils coated with the resins prepared in Example 1 were evaluated. The adhesive resins prepared in Example 1 were applied to copper foils having a thickness of 18 microns. The copper foils used were supplied by various manufactures. The adhesive resin was applied to the copper foil in a two step-process. In the first step, the resin was applied to the copper foil in a layer 35 microns thick. The adhesive resin was b-staged and then second layer of resin 35 microns thick was applied to the b-staged adhesive resin layer and the second layer adhesive resin was partially cured.

[0030] The adhesive resin coated foil was laminated to a 8-ply board and then cured at 200° C. and at 200 psi for 90 minutes. The copper foil layer was then peeled from the laminate to determine the resin peel strength. Peel strength results are reported in Table 3, below. TABLE 3 Foil/Manufacturer Resin Type Peel Strength (lbs/in²) TWX—Circuit Foils Compound I 7.0 TWX—Circuit Foils Compound II 7.45 MLP—Oak Mitsui Compound I 7.1 MLP—Oak Mitsui Compound II 7.2 ML—Oak Mitsui Compound I 4.8 ML—Oak Mitsui Compound II 5.84 MLS—Oak Mitsui Compound I 4.65 MLS—Oak Mitsui Compound II 5 JTCS—Gould Compound I 4.65 JTCS—Gould Compound II 4.55 JTCSHP—Gould Compound I 7.05 JTCSHP—Gould Compound II 7.19

[0031] The peel strength for compound 3 applied to a Circuit Foils VLP 18 micron foil was greater than 5.6 lbs/in². The peel strength results reported in Table 3 and in FIG. 2 show that halogen-free resin compositions of this invention provide equal or superior peel strengths in comparison with bromine containing flame retardant resin compositions of the prior art. 

We claim:
 1. A flame-retardant adhesive resin composition comprising: at least one resin; and at least one halogen-free flame retardant composition wherein the resin composition includes essentially no halogen containing flame-retardant compositions.
 2. The flame-retardant adhesive resin composition of claim 1 wherein the resin is an epoxy resin.
 3. The flame-retardant adhesive resin composition of claim 1 wherein the halogen-free flame retardant composition is selected from the group consisting of melamine cyanurate, melamine cyanurate encapsulated red phosphorous, phosphoric acid, 1,3-phenylenetetraphenyl ester, Di-polyoxyethylene, hydroxymethylphosphonate, aluminum trihydrate, and mixtures thereof.
 4. The flame-retardant adhesive resin composition of claim 1 wherein the halogen-free flame retardant composition is melamine cyanurate.
 5. The flame-retardant adhesive resin composition of claim 4 wherein the melamine cyanurate is present in the composition in an amount ranging from about 10 to about 20 wt %.
 6. The flame-retardant adhesive resin composition of claim 1 wherein the halogen-free flame retardant is melamine cyanurate which is present in the composition in an amount ranging from about 12 to about 17 wt %.
 7. The flame-retardant adhesive resin composition of claim 1 wherein the halogen-free flame retardant is melamine cyanurate having a particle size of from 1 to about 20 microns.
 8. The flame-retardant adhesive resin composition of claim 7 wherein the melamine cyanurate particle size is less than about 12 microns.
 9. The flame-retardant adhesive resin composition comprising at least one resin and from about 12 to about 17 wt % melamine cyanurate having a particle size of from about 1 micron to about 12 microns.
 10. The flame-retardant adhesive resin composition of claim 1 wherein the halogen-free flame retardant composition is aluminum trihydrate.
 11. The flame-retardant adhesive resin composition of claim 10 wherein the aluminum trihydrate is present in the composition in an amount ranging from about 20 to about 30 wt %.
 12. The flame-retardant adhesive resin composition of claim 10 wherein the aluminum trihydrate is present in the composition in an amount ranging from about 23 to about 28 wt %.
 13. The flame-retardant adhesive resin composition of claim 10 wherein the aluminum trihydrate has an average particle size of from 0.1 to about 20 microns.
 14. The flame-retardant adhesive resin composition of claim 10 wherein the aluminum trihydrate has an average particle size of from about 1 to about 10 microns.
 15. The flame-retardant adhesive resin composition of claim 10 wherein the aluminum trihydrate has an average particle size of about 1.5 to about 2.0 microns.
 16. The flame-retardant adhesive resin composition of claim 10 wherein the aluminum trihydrate has an average particle size of about 1.8 microns.
 17. The flame-retardant adhesive resin composition of claim 10 wherein the aluminum trihydrate has the following formula Al₂O₃×nH₂O where n ranges from about 2.4 to about
 3. 18. The flame-retardant adhesive resin composition of claim 17 wherein n ranges from about 2.6 to about 2.9.
 19. The flame-retardant adhesive resin composition of claim 17 wherein n is about 2.7.
 20. An adhesive resin coated conductive metal foil having a first surface and a second surface wherein the first surface includes a flame-retardant resin layer comprising at least one resin, and at least one halogen-free flame retardant composition wherein the resin composition includes essentially no halogen containing flame-retardant compositions.
 21. The adhesive resin coated conductive metal foil of claim 20 wherein the conductive metal is copper.
 22. The adhesive resin coated conductive metal foil of claim 20 wherein the resin has a thickness of from about 35 to about 100 microns.
 23. The adhesive resin coated conductive metal foil of claim 20 wherein the resin is applied as a single layer having a thickness of from about 20 to about 100 microns.
 24. The adhesive resin coated conductive metal foil of claim 20 wherein the resin layer includes a first resin layer and a second resin layer wherein the first resin layer is at least partially cured before the second resin layer is applied to the top of the first resin layer.
 25. The adhesive resin coated conductive metal foil of claim 20 wherein the flame-retardant resin includes at least one epoxy resin.
 26. The adhesive resin coated conductive metal foil of claim 20 wherein the resin halogen-free flame retardant is selected from the group consisting of melamine cyanurate, melamine cyanurate encapsulated red phosphorous, phosphoric acid, 1,3-phenylenetetraphenyl ester, Di-polyoxyethylene, hydroxymethylphosphonate, aluminum trihydrate, and mixtures thereof.
 27. The adhesive resin coated conductive metal foil of claim 20 wherein the halogen-free flame retardant composition is melamine cyanurate.
 28. The adhesive resin coated conductive metal foil of claim 20 wherein the halogen-free flame retardant is present in the resin composition in an amount ranging from about 10 to about 30 wt %.
 29. The flame-retardant adhesive resin composition of claim 20 wherein the halogen-free flame retardant is melamine cyanurate which is present in the composition in an amount ranging from about 12 to about 17 wt %.
 30. The flame-retardant adhesive resin composition of claim 20 wherein the halogen-free flame retardant is melamine cyanurate having a particle size of from 1 to about 20 microns.
 31. The flame-retardant adhesive resin composition of claim 30 wherein the melamine cyanurate particle size is less than about 12 microns.
 32. The flame-retardant adhesive resin:composition of claim 20 comprising at least one resin and from about 12 to about 17 wt % melamine cyanurate having a particle size of from about 1 micron to about 12 microns.
 33. The flame-retardant adhesive resin composition of claim 20 wherein the halogen-free flame retardant composition is aluminum trihydrate.
 34. The flame-retardant adhesive resin composition of claim 33 wherein the aluminum trihydrate is present in the composition in an amount ranging from about 20 to about 30 wt %.
 35. The flame-retardant adhesive resin composition of claim 33 wherein the aluminum trihydrate is present in the composition in an amount ranging from about 23 to about 28 wt %.
 36. The flame-retardant adhesive resin composition of claim 20 wherein the aluminum trihydrate has an average particle size of from 0.1 to about 20 microns.
 37. The flame-retardant adhesive resin composition of claim 20, wherein the aluminum trihydrate has an average particle size of from about 1 to about 10 microns.
 38. The flame-retardant adhesive resin composition of claim 20 wherein the aluminum trihydrate has an average particle size of about 1.5 to about 2.0 microns.
 39. The flame-retardant adhesive resin composition of claim 20 wherein the aluminum trihydrate has an average particle size of about 1.8 microns.
 40. The flame-retardant adhesive resin compositions of claim 20 wherein the aluminum trihydrate has the following formula Al₂O₃×nH₂O where n ranges from about 2.4 to about
 3. 41. The flame-retardant adhesive resin composition of claim 40 where n ranges from about 2.6 to about 2.9.
 42. The flame-retardant adhesive resin composition of claim 40 wherein n is about 2.7.
 43. A printed circuit board including the adhesive resin coated conductive metal foil of claim
 20. 